Prominent Hong Kong student leader Joshua Wong was sent back to prison Thursday after he lost an attempt to quash a jail sentence over his leadership of huge democracy protests five years ago.

Wong, 22, became one of the most recognisable faces of the "Umbrella Movement" in 2014 which paralysed key intersections of the financial hub for more than two months.

Protesters were demanding a greater say in how the city is run, including the right for Hong Kongers to directly elect the city's leader.

The movement — which took its name from the umbrellas protesters used to defend themselves against police — failed to win any concessions from the city's pro-Beijing authorities, and its leaders faced a slew of prosecutions.

Wong, who was 17 when the protests began, was jailed for three months in January 2018 on a contempt charge after pleading guilty to obstructing the clearance of a major protest camp.

He served only six days of that sentence before being released on bail pending an appeal.

On Thursday, however, a senior judge said Wong must return to jail — albeit for a reduced sentence of two months.

Justice of Appeal Jeremy Poon said Wong's age at the time of the offence was a mitigating factor, as well as his guilty plea and apology.

But he dismissed Wong's argument that he had been excessively punished by authorities because of his prominent status as "entirely baseless and misconceived".

Wong turned to supporters after the verdict and told them to "add oil" — a commonly used Cantonese phrase of encouragement.

He was then led away to a prison van.

– Extradition fears –

Speaking to reporters before the verdict, Wong said he was facing the prospect of jail "with a calm mind", noting that other leaders had received much longer sentences.

Last month two key leaders of the protests were jailed for 16 months.

"We will never forget the spirit of Umbrella Movement and we will continue to fight for free elections," he said.

Wong's jailing comes against a backdrop of roiling turmoil in Hong Kong over the government's plans to approve extraditions to the Chinese mainland for the first time.

The issue has sparked the largest protests in the city since the 2014 demonstrations and even sparked scuffles in the legislature.

Hong Kong's leadership has faced a chorus of criticism from business, legal figures and western governments who fear the law could tangle people up in China's opaque court system.

But the city's pro-Beijing leader Carrie Lam has vowed to press on.

In his comments Wong warned the proposed law might see activists pursued by the mainland, something the Hong Kong government has denied.

"Today the High Court, tomorrow the People's Court," he said, referring to the mainland's judicial system.

Wong was also convicted in a second prosecution related to the storming of a government forecourt during the 2014 protests.

He spent some time behind bars for that case, but in the end the city's top court ruled that community service was sufficient punishment.

While Hong Kong enjoys rights unseen on the Chinese mainland under a 50-year handover agreement between Britain and China, there are fears those liberties are being eroded as Beijing flexes its muscles and stamps down on dissent.

Authorities in Hong Kong and the mainland have defended the prosecutions as a necessary measure to punish the leaders of a direct action movement that took over the heart of the city for many weeks.

China hits back at Pompeo remarks on Hong Kong extradition treaty
Beijing (AFP) May 17, 2019 –

Beijing hit back Friday at concerns voiced by US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo over Hong Kong's plans to allow extraditions to the Chinese mainland, accusing Washington of an attempt to "intervene" in the city's internal affairs.

Hong Kong's government is pushing a bill through the city's legislature which would allow case-by-case extraditions to any jurisdictions it doesn't have an already agreed treaty with, including mainland China.

Historically the city has balked at mainland extraditions because of the opacity of China's criminal justice system and its liberal use of the death penalty.

The extradition plan has sparked huge protests and mounting alarm within Hong Kong's business and legal communities — as well as foreign governments — who fear it will hammer the semi-autonomous financial hub's international appeal.

Pompeo "expressed concern" about the bill and its potential to undermine rule of law in the city during Thursday talks in Washington, a State Department spokeswoman said.

But Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang said the bill was needed to "to plug legal loopholes" in Hong Kong's judicial system and prevent the financial hub from becoming "a haven for criminals".

"It is a mistake to intervene in Hong Kong in any form," Lu told a regular briefing.

"Trying to take advantage of the opportunity to create chaos in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will not be popular or successful."

Pompeo spoke on the bill during a meeting with a delegation headed by Martin Lee, a founder of Hong Kong's opposition Democratic Party.

In an opinion piece this week in the Washington Post, Lee warned that the extradition law could make Americans and other foreigners "potential hostages to extradition claims driven by the political agenda of Beijing".

"The time for the world to act to protect Hong Kong's free society and legal system is now — not when Hong Kong people and others are taken to be jailed in China," he wrote.

A recent report by the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, an advisory body set up by the US Congress, warned that the extradition bill posed "serious" security risks to the estimated 85,000 US citizens in Hong Kong.